Screen Time Synergy: Unraveling Its Role in Child Prosocial Behavior amid Work-Family Conflict

Abstract

In the digital screen era, family dynamics are increasingly shaped by the intersection of media use and work-family conflict, with significant implications for young children's development. This study addresses a critical gap by focusing specifically on parental-directed screen-based media use--that is, media exposure permitted, initiated, or supervised by parents--as a mediating mechanism between work-family conflict and children's prosocial behavior. Based on a survey of 1,542 Chinese families with children aged 0 to 6, the findings highlight how parents strategically employ screen-based media to manage work-family demands, using it for learning, entertainment, emotional soothing, and compromising with their children. Crucially, results show that heightened work-family conflict predicts increased parent-directed screen time, which is negatively associated with prosocial behavior in children. By examining media use across four functional dimensions, the study reveals a nuanced mediational pathway, emphasizing that even intentional and regulated screen use may inadvertently undermine social development. These insights carry important implications for policymakers and practitioners seeking to support family well-being and children's socioemotional growth in increasingly digital domestic environments. To contextualize these findings, it is important to note that the study is limited by its reliance on parental self-reports and cross-sectional data, which suggest directions for future longitudinal and multi-informant research.